Different sorts of skin problems can affect both children and adults. Skin problems can arise for various causes, and allergies are one of the reasons.
When our immune system reacts abnormally to a normally innocuous chemical, it is called an allergic response. Immune system cells are responsible for detecting and eliminating foreign entities such as viruses and bacteria, and this reaction normally protects us from deadly infections. People with skin allergies have immune systems that are too sensitive.
Proteins present in food, pollen, latex, medications, and other items can cause allergic skin rashes and other disorders. Allergens are chemicals that trigger allergic responses.
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Causes
Interaction with a trigger causes a skin allergy. The immune system overreacts, resulting in a rash. The following factors can trigger skin allergies:
- Latex
- Pet dander
- Poison ivy or poison oak
- Cold or hot temperatures
- Laundry detergent
- Soap
- Nickel
- Chemicals
- Insects
- Pollen
- Sunlight
- Water
- Food
- Drugs
Some people have very obvious triggers, while others have difficulty determining the source of the problem and need to undergo allergy testing.
What Are the Most Common Skin Allergies?
Some of the most frequently reported skin allergies include the following:
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1- Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
Eczema is a chronic skin condition that generally develops in childhood or infancy and is frequently linked to food allergies, allergic rhinitis, and asthma.
Certain foods, especially in young children, might aggravate eczema. Viruses and bacteria on the skin can also induce flare-ups in youngsters. Animal hair, dust mites, sweat, and contact with irritants like wool or soaps are possible causes.
2- Hives (Urticaria)
Urticaria, defined as hives, is an itchy, red, or skin-colored rash that can burn or sting. It appears on the skin as welts, lumps, or plaques known as wheals. They can emerge anywhere on the body, travel around, change shape, or vanish and reappear.
3- Contact Dermatitis
You’ve possibly had this problem if you’ve ever had a rash after wearing a new ring or using a different soap.
An allergy, such as nickel or a chemical in a bar of soap, lotion, or sunscreen comes into contact with your skin.
Pollen and other airborne particles can cause dermatitis when they settle on the skin. It is known as “airborne contact dermatitis” by your doctor.
In other circumstances, you won’t experience a reaction until you’ve been in the sun for a while. “Photoallergic contact dermatitis” is a term used to describe this condition. Some chemicals, such as those found in sunscreens, shaving lotions, and fragrances, cause it.
4- Hereditary Angioedema (HAE)
It is a rare but serious hereditary disorder characterized by swelling in the hands, feet, face, intestinal wall, and airways. It is necessary to visit a professional since it does not react to antihistamines or adrenaline therapy.
5- Psoriasis
It is an autoimmune disease that brings scaly, flaky, itchy and burning skin lesions. Psoriasis patients have skin cells that grow too quickly, and it creates redness and irritation after a build-up of cells on the skin’s surface.
6- Lupus
It is also an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks healthy cells and tissues over time. Internal organs, joints, and skin are all affected. You can see a butterfly-shaped rash across the nose and cheeks in people with lupus. We can find four kinds of lupus: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), cutaneous lupus, drug-induced lupus, and neonatal lupus. SLE is the most common kind.
Treatment
Skin allergies are treated by avoiding allergens when possible, taking preventive medicine such as antihistamines, and managing symptoms as they arise.
Contact dermatitis and eczema are generally not medical emergencies. Prescription medications to treat skin allergies include topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and relieve itching. These drugs, which come as ointments or creams include:
- Cordran (flurandrenolide)
- Psorcon (diflorasone diacetate)
- Topicort (desoximetasone)
- Lidex (fluocinonide)
Hydrocortisone, which is in the same category, is available over-the-counter.
Your healthcare provider may prescribe systemic steroids for severe allergic reactions—either oral or by injection—to help decrease swelling and other symptoms.
It is also important to keep irritated skin protected with a moisturizer or barrier (e.g., petroleum jelly), avoid contact with irritants, and avoid hot showers or baths.
Conclusion
Skin allergies can lead to a life-threatening allergic reaction called anaphylaxis in rare cases. Always consult a doctor if you’re dealing with a concerning skin issue, especially if lifestyle and over-the-counter treatments don’t provide relief.
Frequently Asked Questions(FAQs)
1- What causes itchy, red spots on skin?
Specific red spots on the skin can be caused by various conditions, including heat rash, KP, contact dermatitis, and atopic dermatitis. More severe disorders, such as viral or bacterial infections, can also cause red spots on the skin.
2- How can I treat skin allergy on my face?
These include:
- Hydrocortisone cream.
- Ointments like calamine lotion.
- Antihistamines.
- Cold compresses.
- Oatmeal baths.
- Contact your doctor about what’s best for your specific rash.
3- What are the symptoms of skin allergy?
Most skin allergies include itching, redness, and swelling. However, there are significant distinctions that help assess various ailments. Skin that is itchy, red, or dry. When scratched, it may “weep” or leak fluid that crusts over, indicating that it is infected.
